Burner



March 30, 1937. R HAGEMAN I 2,075,278

BURNER Filed Dec. 31, 1954 I N VENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

Patented Mar. 30, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Johnson Gas ApplianceCompany,

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, a corporation of Iowa Application December 31, 1934,Serial No. 759,885

1 Claim.

This invention relates to burners and has particular relation to aburner head and control mechanisms for such burners. I

In providing gas burners for house heating and the like, it is becomingincreasingly important that the burners themselves be extremely simpleand sturdy in construction and that they be provided with dependablesafety control systems for preventing the escape of unburned gas fromthe burner when it is ignited.

The devices known to the art are not entirely satisfactory in meetingthe requirements and it is accordingly a general object of my inventionto provide an improved burner and control systems for such a burner.

A more specific object of my invention is to provide a highly efficientburner head which does not require a primary air supply.

. Another object of my invention is to provide a simple, reliable andeflicient thermostatic control for a burner head which will prevent thedischarge of gas from a burner head unless the pilot burner is ignited.

Other and further features and objects of my invention will be moreapparent to those skilled in the art upon a consideration of theaccompanying drawing and following specification, wherein is disclosedan exemplary embodiment of the invention, with the understanding,however, that such changes may be made therein as fall within the scopeof the appended claim without departing from the spirit of theinvention. The device may be used or adapted for use for other purposes.

In said drawing:

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a burner constructed according toone embodiment of my invention; and

Figure 2 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of theburner shown in Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawing:

The main body or barrel of the burner, indicated at H3, is asubstantially cylindrical member having a substantially rectangular bossI l at one side thereof. The burner body is chambered to provide aninlet chamber l2 and a burner head chamber l3. This division of theinterior of the burner barrel I0 is accomplished by means of a partitionwhich projects outwardly from the lower inside wall of the barrel in asemi-circular form as indicated at Ma, then upwardly in a rectangularportion Mb extending, of. course, from wall to wall and then to theother side of the inner wall of the barrel as indicated at Me.

Gas is let into the barrel l0 through the tapped is almost vertical.

opening l6 and passes from the chamber l2 into the chamber l3 through anopening I! in the wall l4b,the flow of gas from one'chamber to the otherbeing controlled by means of a valve 3 as is hereinafter moreparticularly described.

The upper end of the barrel l 0 is provided with an upwardly projectingcollar 2| which is threaded on its outer wall as indicated at 22 andwhich has an opening 23 therethrough leading from the chamber [3 intothe mushroom burner head 24.

The peculiarly shaped mushroom or door knob head is not accidental buthas been so devised that this burn-er will burn with a highly efficientflame without the necessity of furnished primary air to the burner. Thisis of partlcu lar importance in this type of burner.

Whereas most burners known to the art require primary air in order toobtain an efiicie'nt heating flame from the burner, this peculiarlyshaped head and the position, size and number of burner openings permitthe elimination of. and avoid the necessity for supplying primary air'to the burner. The chamber 26 within the mushroom head and the channelleading into the chamber from the barrel Ill preferably follow thecontour of the head 24. Any suitable arrangement and disposition ofburner openings may be employed, but I have found that a very desirablearrangement is to provide some twenty-four openings in circulararrangement around the periphery of the head where the slope of the headThe openings are preferably drilled in a horizontal plane which issubstantially perpendicular to the surface and I have found that abouttwenty-four openings equally spaced about the circle and of about numberforty-seven diameter provides a highly eflicient heating flame whichwill be at least a ninety per cent blue flame. I attribute the fact thatthis burner does not need a primary air supply to the peculiar shape ofthe head and the arrangement, disposition, size and number of the burneropenings. I have found other shapes and arrangements of burner openingsto operate with reasonable efliciency. For instance, conical orfrusto-conical shapes of burner heads have been employed with reasonablesuccess. The present shape and arrangement, however, has been found tobe about the most efi'icient of all the shapes and arrangements tested.The location, number and size of openings in the head is of secondaryimportance to the shape of the head and other openings have beenemployed with varying success.

Burners of this type, since they are ordinarily intermittently operated,are usually adapted to be ignited by means of a pilot burner such as theburner indicated generally at 3|. In order to provide a compact andsolid unit I preferably mount the pilot burner on an enlarged portionIla of the boss I I, which boss is preferably integrally cast with thebarrel II]. In the present instance the pilot burner is comprised of ahighly porous ceramic tip 32 which is mounted upon a thimble 33 whichis, in turn, mounted on a short nipple 34. The short nipple 34 isthreaded into a suitable opening 36a in the rectangular boss I la.Another tapped opening 36 is drilled in the boss to conduct gas from asupply pipe (not shown) to the pilot burner.

As a safety device, to prevent gas from being admitted to the mainburner if the pilot burner is not ignited, I preferably mount abi-metallic control element M on the boss lla in such a position thatthe bi-metallic strip 42 is adjacent to the flame produced by gasissuing from the pilot burner 3i. The .bi-metallic element 4| ispreferably comprised of a rigid strap 43 which is fastened in uprightposition in a suitable slot 44 in the boss Ila by means of a bolt 46.The bimetallicstrip 42 is preferably bent inla roughly inverted U-shapeas shown on the drawing and is fastened to the strap 43 as by means ofrivets 41.

An operating lever arm 48 is fastened to the other end of thebi-metallic strip 42 as'by means of rivets 49 and this lever arm extendsdownwardly substantially parallel to the strap 43 to a position belowthe plane of the boss Ila. The lever arm .48 is provided with a slot 5|at its lower end and the slot 5| is adapted to engage a circular recess52 in a coupling member or sleeve 53. The

coupling member 53 is threaded on the projecting end of thesteml8a ofthe valve l8.

The neck 25 of the burner head 24 is threaded onto the upper end of thebarrel l0 and the barrel I0 is provided with flat surfaces '30 at the'upper end thereof to provide a nut flange to tion of the strip, thelever 48 will be' moved inwardly toward the barrel III to raise thevalve! from its seat and permit gas to flow'from the chamber l2 into thechamber I3 when the main control valve (not shown) is opened. If themain control valve (not shown) is opened and the pilot burner is notignited the valve II! will remain closed and gas cannot enter thechamber l3, thus preventing the escape of unburned gas from the burner.It is to be observed that the non-operative position of a thermostat isthe "off position.

Of course, if the pilot flame is not ignited, a certain amount ofunburned gas escapes into the furnace and up the stack but testshaveproven that this amount of gas is only in the neighborhood of one cubicfoot per hour and that a leakage of this kind only becomes dangerouswhen the volume is in the neighborhood of ten cubic feet per hour.

Although I have described a specific embodiment of my invention it isapparent that modifications may be made by those skilled in the art.Such modifications may be made without departing from the spirit andscope of my invention as set forth in the appended claim.

I claim as my invention; I I A gas burner comprising a substantiallycylindrical, vertically-extending casing, a main burner elementassociated with the upper end of the casing, a boss extending laterallyfrom the side a of said casing at a point intermediate its ends, a

vertical partition, within said 'casing extending transversely'thereofand forming .on the opposite sides thereof a gas inlet chamber and a gasoutlet chamber, said partition being provided;

with a port, a valve for closing said port, a valve rod extendinglaterally through said outlet chamher and from said casing parallel toand in the direction of said boss, a pilot burner secured to the topface of said boss at a point inwards of the free end of'the boss, '3,bi-metallic thermostat secured at one end to the free end of said boss

